Products
Coverage includes selected crude oil, refined products, LPG, bitumen and lubricants, subject to lawful availability and counterparty approval.
Global industry guide
Energy & Petroleum
Energy enquiries are assessed against product, origin, quantity, delivery basis, timing, payment structure and the controls required for the route.
Execution priorities
Product specification, terminal compatibility, inspection, shipping windows, sanctions exposure and document requirements are considered together.
Responsible engagement
All opportunities remain subject to applicable law, trade controls, sanctions screening and risk-based due diligence.
Producing countries & regions
Crude oil and petroleum-liquids production spans many regions. Major production centres include the United States, Saudi Arabia, Russia, Canada and Iraq, while additional Atlantic Basin, Middle Eastern, African and Latin American streams serve distinct refinery systems.
- Middle East: large export programmes and established crude and LPG infrastructure
- North America: crude, refined products, NGLs and extensive pipeline-to-port systems
- Atlantic Basin: diverse crude qualities linked to European, American and Asian refining demand
- Each origin must be assessed against sanctions, export controls and destination rules
Common specifications
A petroleum enquiry is not complete without an exact product and quality basis. Crude oil is commonly described by assay, API gravity and sulphur; refined products require the applicable grade and test standard.
- Crude: stream, assay, API gravity, sulphur, water and sediment
- Middle distillates: density, sulphur, flash point, cetane and cold-flow properties
- Gasoline: octane, vapour pressure, sulphur, benzene and oxygenates
- LPG: propane/butane composition, vapour pressure, sulphur and residue
Uses & demand centres
Refineries convert crude into transport fuels, petrochemical feedstocks, lubricants, bitumen and other products. Demand is shaped by refinery configuration, seasonal consumption, industrial activity, regulation and available substitution.
Refineries, terminals & storage
The operating ecosystem includes production assets, gathering systems, pipelines, refineries, blending facilities, tank farms, inspection laboratories and marine terminals. Compatibility, available ullage, pumping rate and product segregation can determine whether a trade is executable.
Ports & trade corridors
Examples of globally significant energy hubs include Ras Tanura and the Arabian Gulf, Fujairah, the United States Gulf Coast, Rotterdam and Singapore. Routes must account for terminal rules, draught, weather, canal or strait exposure and destination inventories.
Shipping & handling
Crude and clean or dirty petroleum products move in compatible tankers; LPG requires pressurised or refrigerated gas carriers. Before nomination, parties align vessel class, parcel size, laycan, tank history, pumping performance, inspection and cargo-document requirements.
Leading Market Participants
The organisations below are referenced solely as publicly known examples of major industry participants. Their inclusion does not imply partnership, supply, customer status, endorsement, affiliation or representation.
Energy market FAQ
Practical answers to common early-stage questions.
What information is needed for a petroleum enquiry?
State the exact product or crude stream, specification, quantity, parcel size, Incoterm, origin parameters, destination, delivery window, inspection basis, payment expectations and required documents.
Does a product name confirm refinery compatibility?
No. The receiving refinery or terminal must review the complete quality data, operating limits and nominated logistics before acceptance.
What changes the delivered price most?
Product differential, freight, route, parcel size, demurrage exposure, inspection, financing, insurance and terminal costs can all materially change delivered economics.
Authoritative reference sources
Use current primary sources and contract-specific technical documents before relying on market information.